Fatty liver disease is an extremely common condition, but can potentially lead to severe liver damage over time. Being aware of risk factors and getting proper screening is important to detect and manage the problem early.
Fatty liver disease, also known as hepatic steatosis, is a common condition where excess fat builds up in the liver. It's estimated that up to 30% of adults in developed countries have fatty liver disease. Many people with fatty liver disease don't have symptoms and are unaware they have the condition. However, fatty liver disease can potentially lead to more serious liver problems if left untreated.
Fat accumulates in the liver for a few main reasons. Common causes include being overweight or obese, having diabetes, high cholesterol, or high triglycerides. The liver processes nutrients from food and drinks.
Consuming more calories than the body needs leads to fat accumulation. Alcohol consumption also contributes significantly to fatty liver disease. Other factors like certain medications and metabolic disorders can also cause fatty buildup in the liver.
In the early stages, fatty liver disease typically does not cause any signs or symptoms. As it progresses, symptoms may include fatigue, weakness, weight loss, loss of appetite, nausea, abdominal pain, yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice), and itchy skin. Blood tests can check for elevated liver enzymes which may indicate liver damage. Imaging tests like an ultrasound, CT scan or MRI can confirm the diagnosis by showing fat in the liver.
If more than 5-10% of the liver is replaced by fat, this is considered a fatty liver which may not lead to liver damage. However, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a more severe form where along with fat, there is liver cell inflammation and damage.
NASH can progress to advanced scarring of the liver (cirrhosis) and potentially liver failure or liver cancer. Therefore, diagnosing and treating fatty liver disease is important before it leads to irreversible damage.
Lifestyle changes are the mainstay of treatment for fatty liver disease. Losing weight through diet and exercise helps reduce fat in the liver. Limiting alcohol and stopping smoking is also critical. Certain medications may be prescribed to help control diabetes, cholesterol and triglycerides.
Regular follow up and monitoring for progression is key. If cirrhosis develops, more intensive treatment and possibly a liver transplant may be required.
Maintaining a healthy weight and lifestyle can help prevent and treat this condition before it progresses to advanced liver disease. Discuss any concerns about fatty liver disease with your doctor. With early intervention, serious complications may be avoided.
Hope you liked this informative and awareness article on "Fatty Liver".
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